Abstract

Background: In an aging society, the physical and mental health of older adults significantly influences their quality of life (QoL). While mental health issues such as depression are becoming more prevalent, there is limited research on the combined effects of these factors. This study aimed to examine the impact of social support, uncertainty, depression, and self-efficacy on the QoL of adults aged 65 and older, using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Methods: Data were collected from 350 participants using five validated self-report scales between March 28 and April 10, 2022. SEM, mediation analysis, and path analysis were employed to analyze the data.

Results. Social support, depression, and self-efficacy had direct effects on QoL. Additionally, social support, uncertainty, and depression directly influenced self-efficacy. Social support and uncertainty directly affected depression, while social support also directly impacted uncertainty. Social support influenced QoL through five pathways involving uncertainty, depression, and self-efficacy.

Conclusion. Older adultsmay internalize negative emotional responses, leading to chronic illnesses due to uncertainty and depression. Therefore, physical  activity and mental health programs are essential. Disease management education for older adults should be systematized, focusing on conveying medical information and teaching effective coping strategies for managing illnesses.